THE GODDESS ATHENA IN THE ODYSSEY
Academy of Athens, the statue of Athena
α. The presence and the adjectives accompanying the goddess Athena in the Odyssey.
The adjective that Homer uses for Athena
in moments when she scandalously supports, let's say like a fellow countryman, Odysseus, Telemachus, and Penelope, is 'Pallas', and for this very reason, Homeric Ithaca is Paliki in Kefalonia.
Well, Ithaca… but why Athena? Perhaps so that we may have Her blessing? Perhaps because she had blue eyes? Or maybe because she guides Odysseus, and by following their steps we might hear some conversation between them and ultimately realize that she supports him as the local goddess of his particular homeland?
...And because the peninsula PALLI (possibly even if it has a lambda) and PALLAS have exactly the same origin, we ultimately bring HOMERIC ITHACA through PALLAS to PALIKI!
So I had recorded all of Athena's appearances in the Odyssey – 12,109 lines – and I was sitting 'STUNNED,' not knowing where to start. Like someone who has discovered a treasure! He went to the tropical island with a map from the old pirate. He struggled with the waves for five months. He dug under the palm tree and when he lifted the chest, after opening it, he just stood staring at the shine like a fool.
The shine here came both from Athena's radiant wisdom and from numerical coincidences:
26 Pallas Athena,
51 Glaucopis Athena.
Two more simply Γλαυκώπιδι or Γλαυκώπιδος. We have something double! We add the years of Odysseus' absence (20):
72 Athena without an adjective.
Two more Megathyme Athena dedicated to the GREAT-HEARTED (ΜΕΓΑΘΥΜΟΥΣ) CEPHALONIANS!
Finally, add two places dedicated to Athena: The grove at Scheria, and the city of Athens, the one near Marathon, with the broad streets ... That's what it says inside! In the η' 7.80...
...And I am moved, not so much for the Athens of the Olympiad of 1896 or 2004, the Capital, known even to Homer, I am not moved because this city still hosts whatever remains of the most famous temple of Athena... Nor because in this city, somewhere, I am writing all these things...
...I am moved because Homer writes hundreds of years before, together, two names that when heard together recall the brightest page in the History of Athens:
The goddess ATHENA
And she reached Marathon and the broad-streeted Athens!
Odyssey 7.80
As if the Athenians seven centuries later, those who descended from the hills of Marathon SHOUTING AND ΑΜΠΕΠΑΛΟΝΤΕΣ-Brandishing the spears to crush the GOLD-BEARING MEDES (ΜΗΔΟΥΣ), wanted to dedicate their victory to PALLAS.
When I completed the recording of the goddess's appearances, the first thing I noticed is that, in what we might call fictional descriptions, Athena almost disappears! Away from your homeland, do you forget even your gods?
The goddess appears mainly with two adjectives, Glaukopis and Pallas, which aim to denote two properties:
The first, that of the female goddess, who enchants, attracts, impresses, bewilders, soothes pain, and lulls to sleep. ...Anything that could be associated with her imposing, 'démas', feminine presence, both PHYSICAL and METAPHYSICAL. All of this as GLAUKOPIS. After all, she is the one who even stops the night, until Odysseus and Penelope enjoy pleasure, the bed, and sleep. And again, as Glaukopis, she ultimately allows the dawn to come. And then surely Aesop, for instance, could not be spinning jokes about blondes! Glaukopis has probably gathered in herself all the characteristics of the old MATRIARCHAL SOCIETY. Findings from the time of the Achaeans 'speak' of a female war deity! Perhaps this is also why she does not appear as Glaukopis in the 'Imaginary Section of the Odyssey' because she probably does not want to have contact with other matriarchal structures.
We support that PALLADA is a name related to local matters of PALIKI and interventions for the good of its own people. However, let us not rush to express an opinion, because this will be proven at the end of our study!
However, because Athena is also 'the daughter of Zeus who was nourished by a goat (αίγα)-κούρη Διός Αιγιόχοιο' she is referred to for anything else simply as Athene (Αθήνη) or Athenaie (Αθηναίη).
In most rhapsodies, Athena appears in all three ways.
However, when Odysseus sets out from Calypso to reach the Phaeacians, Pallas is not involved (Book 5), because he is going in the wrong direction.
When he prepares to leave the Phaeacians, the last thing Odysseus should have on his mind is female seductive beauty, because Alcinous has already proposed to marry him to Nausicaa. Neither does Athena use these weapons of hers here. This is not Glaucopis (Book 8).
In the descriptions of the past, because Odysseus is in foreign worlds, Athena is generally absent. Did Odysseus forget her, or did she forget him?
He invokes her in a moment of greatest danger in the Cyclops’ cave, but as Athena (9th rhapsody).
In the Underworld, there is a reference to the scandalous support given to Odysseus in Troy by Pallas (11th rhapsody), as well as the fact that Heracles, with the help of Hermes and Athena, went down to the Underworld to take the dog or to other underground places to remove an impressive Anubis. We know the story, and the female cunning is confirmed by the fact that here Athena is described as Glaukopis (9th rhapsody).
Otherwise, Athena is absent from the fantastic section of the Odyssey, that is, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th rhapsodies.
In Eumaeus, and perhaps in all the false stories that are told, Athena is barely simply 'ΑΘΗΝΗ'.
The palace is in the town of the Municipality of Ithaca in Paliki. There is no need to remind anyone of that. That is why Athena does not appear in 17th and 18th Rhapsodies ρ' and σ'. Nor is she Glaukopis in ρ', since she merely observes all the provocative events as Athena.
Heading towards the slaughter of the suitors, female ingenuity will be required, and for this reason in 21th Rhapsody φ', Athena is only described as Glaucopis.
Finally, in the barbaric events of the slaughter of the suitors, described in 22th Rhapsody χ', Athena is simply the daughter of Zeus with her decisiveness. Not once Glaucopis, not once Pallas! And we all remember that Mentor and Athena were then the same person, who indeed played a decisive role!
What struck me at the end of the Odyssey was that the name 'Athene' was lost twice, leaving only 'γλαυκώπιδος' or 'glaucopidi', as if to suggest that in the future the goddess abandoned the Ithacans, which is why they are still searching for their island!
Athena: Protector of all aspects of life related to the mind and the development of civilization.
She showed great interest in the fate of Odysseus and took care of his return to Ithaca.
A 60x80 watercolor work by Panagis Ger. Livadas and words by Nikos Livadas.
THE OVERALL PRESENCE OF ATHENA AT THE END OF THE ODYSSEY
At the end of the ODYSSEY, in the 24th book ω', ATHENA is presented as a deus ex machina. There, she literally ties up all loose ends. In 182 verses, she is mentioned 14 times, 12 of which occur in the last 77! Along with the special interpretations of the two "Pallas Athena," which we will describe shortly, we have in detail:
In line 368, Athena renews Laertes, who immediately afterwards prays to Athena herself (line 376).
On Olympus, we witness the final meeting of the gods (line 472), after which Zeus encourages Athena (line 487) to COME (line 502) to Ithaca to intervene in a conciliatory manner.
She is Glaukopis only for the following reasons: in lines 516 and 518, to 'uplift-improve' Laertes, and in lines 540 and 541, to 'appease' Odysseus.
As plain Athena, she raises her voice (line 529), frightens the relatives of the suitors (line 533), and convinces Odysseus (line 545).
By giving instructions to Laertes - AMPEPALON (line 519) - on how to throw the spear, he obeys her again AMPEPALON (line 522), and it makes us realize where we encounter this '-PAL-' today and, at the same time, to notice that between the two “ampepalon”, it’s not the vineyards of Paliki but PALLADA in line 520, looking at us with the question of whether we understood anything, and at the same time, asking you, the reader, if you understood it all.
Now that the Odyssey comes to an end, Pallada (line 547), like Mentor (line 548), bids us farewell, pleased that we have enjoyed her, and awaits to guide our steps RAPIDLY on our next visit to Paliki in Cephalonia...
...THROUGH AND THROUGH!
Votive Relief THE THINKING ATHENA, from the Acropolis of Athens. 460-450 B.C.
Marble. 0.54x0.30 m. Acropolis Museum no. 695 Catalog Code: 063
β. ATHENA IN THE ODYSSEY. Participation in the Ancient Greek Holy Trinity - Miracles
Detail from the Statue of Athena of Piraeus
I had started in 2004 to make a simple record of Her presence with the ultimate goal of seeing if She scandalously supports Odysseus with the adjective Pallas (...and we bring Ithaca to Paliki with the blessings of Pallas), but if you touch on such subtle metaphysical topics, you can get involved in others as well.
Long ago we had classified together the two names by which we encounter Her, Α-θήν-η (In-comparable) and Athenaíē-Αθηναίη, but since yesterday we have changed our mind and have already communicated with our collaborators in the field of theology!
It is not the same. With 'Athene-Αθήνη', it denotes her simple physical presence in the present of the Odyssey and in the past as prior action.
See and read it with Erasmian pronunciation as A-thē-nai-a, it sounds like 'Athenagia'! ...And indeed, when her divine attribute is applied, emanating from the father as ATHENAIA, she is Holy and performs miracles...
Let's take it from the beginning, that is, where it exists six times even without using its name (rhapsody-verse):
α'1. 113 Telemachus was the first to see her, coming to the palace as Mentor.
ζ' 6. 291 Athena's Grove in Scheria
η' 7. 080 Marathon and Athens
θ' 8. 520 Μεγάθυμος - Great-souled Athene... why does she fight in Troy alongside the Cephalonians.
ν' 13.121 Μεγάθυμος - Magnanimous Athena... for her sake the Phaeacians bring Odysseus to some beach in Cephalonia.
υ' 20.047 Θεός - God... protects (Athena)
Κούρη Διός - Daughter of Zeus: β' 296, δ' 752, ε'382, ω'529
Διός εκγεαυία (blessed; proceeding; ): ζ' 229
Αθηναίη Ζήνα (of Zeus) Κρονίωνα (Son of Cronus): ω' 472 for Telemachus, Odysseus, Laertes, wanting to compare and honor
Athena among the gods: γ' 343, ε' 5
Holy Trinity: Father Zeus, Athena, and Apollo: η'311, ρ' 132, σ'235, ω' 376
Prayer or purification: γ'52, γ'145, υ' 72
Punishes: ε' 108
Miracles: π'207, τ'479, χ' 297, ω' 533, ω' 545
γ' 3. 052 Prayer
γ' 3. 145 Purification
γ' 3. 343 Τηλέμαχος θεοειδής - Telemachus, godlike, walks beside her so as not to fall behind!
δ' 4. 752 Κούρη Διός Αιγιόχοιο - Daughter of Zeus who was raised on the milk of a goat
ε' 5. 005 Assembly of the gods and among them
ε' 5. 108 Τιμωρός
ε' 5. 382 Κούρη Διός Αιγιόχοιο - Daughter of Zeus who was raised on the milk of a goat
ζ' 6. 229 Διός εκγεγαυία ( blessed; proceeding; )
η' 7. 311 Πατέρα Ζευ τε Αθηναίη και Άπολλον. Invocation and prayer to the Ancient Greek Holy Trinity
π' 16.207 Transforms Odysseus... Miracle!!
ρ' 17.132 Πατέρα Ζευ τε Αθηναίη και Άπολλον. Invocation and prayer to the Ancient Greek Holy Trinity
σ' 18.235 Πατέρα Ζευ τε Αθηναίη και Άπολλον. Invocation and prayer to the Ancient Greek Holy Trinity
τ' 19.479 Τurns Penelope's mind so that she does not hear Eurycleia shouting as soon as she recognizes Odysseus... Miracle!
υ' 20.072 Prayer
χ' 22.297 At the time of the slaughter of the suitors, she creates and brandishes a shield of death... Miracle!
ω' 24.376 Πατέρα Ζευ τε Αθηναίη και Άπολλον. Invocation and prayer to the Ancient Greek Holy Trinity
ω' 24.472 Αθηναίη Ζήνα Κρονίωνα: for Telemachus, Odysseus, Laertes, wanting to compare and honor. Three generations of gods - three generations ancestors of Homer.
ω' 24.529 Κούρη Διός Αιγιόχοιο - Daughter of Zeus who was raised on the milk of a goat
ω' 24.533 The vengeful relatives of the suitors are paralyzed (turned green) with fear... Miracle!
ω' 24.545 Calms and pacifies the raging Odysseus... Miracle!
γ. The Presence of the Goddess Athena in the Odyssey, and especially with the adjective Pallas
Fifty-one times is Athene - ΑΘΗΝΗ, as a presence in the present and from descriptions in the past:
β' 012, 116, 261, 267, 416 (Strong presence in 1st-4th books α' through δ' due to the journey with Telemachus to Pylos and Sparta)
γ' 076, 313, 419, 435
δ' 502, 761
ε'
ζ' 002, 139
η' 014, 040, 110, 140 (6th-8th or ζ'- θ' strong presence alongside Odysseus in Scheria)
θ' 018, 193, 493
ι' 317
κ'
λ'
μ'
ν' 221
ξ' 002, 216 (13th-14th or ν'- ξ' with Odysseus at Eumaeus)
ο'
π' 155, 166, 172, 253, 260, 282, 454
ρ' 063, 360
σ' 069, 155, 346 (16th-20th or π'- υ' with Odysseus as a beggar in the palace)
τ' 002, 052
υ' 030, 384
φ'
χ' 205, 210, 256
ψ' 156, 371
ω' 367, 487, 502, (22nd-24th or χ'- ω' at Odysseus' side from the slaying of the suitors to the end)
β' 382, 393, 399, 420
γ' 013, 025, 173, 218, 229, 330, 356, 371 (1st-7th or α' -η' an entire epic begins, guided by a goddess-θέαινα, as we might say a lioness-λέαινα).
δ' 795
ε' 427, 437
ζ' 013, 024, 041, 112
η' 019, 027, 247, 078
θ'
ι'
κ'
λ' 626 (The feminine trick along with Hermes for Heracles' task to get the dog guarding the Underworld)
μ'
ν' 236, 287, 329, 561, 374, 392, 420 (13th or ν', the arrival in the homeland)
ξ'
ο' 009, 292 (15th-16th or ο'- π' by Telemachus's side, who takes him and introduces him to his father)
π' 451
ρ'
σ' 158, 187
τ' 604
υ' 44
φ' 001, 358 (18th-21st or σ'- φ' all the female tricks and interventions up to the slaying of the suitors)
χ'
ψ' 242, 344 (23rd or ψ' as a friend, she brings Penelope closer to Odysseus)
ω' 516, 541 [24th The parents of the slain seek revenge, she revitalizes-renews Laertes and... when they retreat, she appeases Odysseus
γλαυκώπιδι (=to the blue-eyed) praying ω' 518 ... πρόσθεν γλαυκώπιδος (=in front of the bright-eyed one) the thunderbolt of Zeus struck ω' 540]
26 times as Pallas Athena - ΠΑΛΛΑΣ ΑΘΗΝΗ, she supports Odysseus, Telemachus, and Penelope, and seeks the liberation of Ithaca from the usurpers.
β' 405
γ' 029, 042, 222, 385
δ' 289, 828
ε'
ζ' 233, 328
η' 037
θ' 007
ι'
κ'
λ' 547
μ'
ν' 190, 252, 300, 371
ξ'
ο' 001
π' 298
ρ'
σ'
τ' 033
υ' 345
φ'
χ'
ψ' 160
ω' 520, 547
Athena Promachos. Votive statuette around 480-478 BC.
Athens, National Archaeological Museum.
Now that we have understood that when Athena acts, when she wants to provoke an entirely masculine behavior in the protagonists or to influence events as a man, she has no adjective and... when she influences with her presence and radiance (MATRIARCHAL SOCIETY) she is GLAUKOPIS - that is why the phrases are clichéd - standardized - what remains?
What remains to prove that when it is PALLADA it represents the local interests of its own people, keeping Ithaca in mind?
Because if Pallas resembles Pali, Pallada, that is, reminds one of Paliki, and as we previously noted, it is still found today there in Paliki, with the interpretative character of PAL - LAS as KOUNO - PETRA!...
...This would not help us if Pallas were not mentioned in all 26 cases, having to remind us of the birthplace of Odysseus, Telemachus, or the place where Penelope is contested by the suitors.
These are the 26 APPEARANCES OF PALLAS IN THE ODYSSEY, the 26 interpretative cases explaining why Homer calls her Pallas there.
They are 26 dilemmas...
...Twenty-six questions of judgment, twenty-six knockout issues, any one of which, if rejected, also rejects the theory that PALIKI in the Kefalonia region is HOMERIC ITHACA.
1. Telemachus welcomes Athena transformed into Mentor, leader of the Taphians:
... And as he spoke, he went ahead, and Pallas Athena followed. ...
Odyssey, (α') 1.125
Crossing the threshold, Athena - like Mentis, leader of the Taphians - shakes Telemachus' hand, gives him the spear, and follows him, leaving behind the image of the place he has just arrived at, now at the beginning of the Odyssey.
NOTE!
The participle ΤΑΦΩΝ appears at the moment when Eumaeus is surprised by Telemachus' return from Pylos. Indeed, the dishes he was holding fall to the ground: HE WAS SURPRISED. Thus the TAPHIANS were a tribe of ancient PIRATES, who carried out RAIDS and SURPRISE ATTACKS... They are certainly ANCESTORS of the Ithacans, because when Penelope was sewing and unraveling the “MEGA PHAROS,” meaning Laertes' shroud, he is referred to as a TAPHIAN there!
2. Telemachus speaks to Mentis-Athena about Penelope's sufferings:
... He turns to him with indignation and says PALLADA; ...
Odyssey, (α') 1.252
Athena expresses LOCALIZED ANGER, outraged
by Telemachus's words about the suitors' misdeeds. Could 'ἐπαλαστήσας' mean Odysseus? In any case, 'Paléis' are the inhabitants of Paliki... and 'οδύσσομαι' means to become enraged.
3. The bard Phémius of Ithaca sings about what he believes to be the cursed return of the Achaeans caused by Pallas:
... sorrowful return, which PALLAS set from Troy. ...
Odyssey, (α') 1.326,327
Phemius, the local bard of Ithaca, sings about the havoc Athena caused among the returning Achaeans. As he perceives it in this corner of the Achaeans' world, Phemius...
4. Telemachus closely follows Athena as they walk down toward the harbor.
... So, as Athena PALLADA was shouting at him, he surged forward with force; ...
Odyssey, (β') 2.405,406
Nikos Livadas used to say that they were descending from the hill of Hermes (KRIKELLOS) towards Our port (ημέτερο λιμένα) of Ithaca uncontrollably (καρπαλίμως) due to the slope of the hillside... And I add that she is Pallas because she knows the terrain well!
5. Telemachus closely follows Athena as she disembarks from the ship in Pylos.
καρπαλίμως· ὁ δ᾿ ἔπειτα μετ᾿ ἴχνια βαῖνε θεοῖο.
Ἷξον δ᾿ ἐς Πυλίων ἀνδρῶν ἄγυρίν τε καὶ ἕδρας, ...''
... So as Athena shouted to him, PALLAS moved forward
with force; and then he followed the goddess step by step.
And they reached the assembly of the Pylian people as well as the seats, ...
Odyssey, (γ') 3.29-31
... to Athena, daughter PALLAS of Zeus, who was nourished by the goat; ...
Odyssey, (γ') 3.42
I do not know if the Hyxos are related to this 'Ἷξον' and if the Achaeans as Hyxos had occupied Egypt for a period!
However, I know that here Mentor is Pallas because he has just arrived in Pylos with the purpose of guiding Telemachus in his first steps in searching for his Father and in solving this great problem of his homeland (they are still in their travel clothes — they still 'smell' of Ithaca)!
Also, here where there are honorific references to Athena, always with the 'αἰγιόχοιο' adjective, Homer wants to remind us of the 'stone years' of the persecution of the ancestors.
7. Nestor describes to Telemachus Athena's favor towards Odysseus during the Trojan War.
… just as PALLAS Athene was clearly present to him. ...
Odyssey, (γ') 3.222
Nestor describes that Pallas favored (her fellow countryman) Odysseus in Troy, separately from the others. SCANDALOUSLY (like, for example, some referees)!
8. Nestor, ecstatic from the vivid presence of Athena before him, prays.
... As he said the prayer, PALLAS heard him. ...
Odyssey, (γ') 3.385
Athena, a little earlier, transformed into a Phene (a type of bird) in front of Nestor and left (towards Ithaca), always keeping her attention on the PLACE for which she acts. Nevertheless, when he prayed, she listened to him.
9. Menelaus describes to Telemachus Athena's help to everyone for the sake of Odysseus during the Trojan War.
... and so it was, until Pallas Athena might carry you off in secret. ...
Odyssey, (δ') 4.289
Outside the TROJAN HORSE, Helen imitates voices. Odysseus restrains Antiklos from responding until PALLADA removes Helen, just for the sake of Odysseus' (COMPATRIOT)!
10. Athena sends Penelope, through a dream, her sister Iphthime to reassure her.
... BECAUSE SHE CAN, PALLAS ATHENA; she will lift you (who looks down) when you cry; ...
Odyssey, (δ') 4.827,828
In Penelope's dream, her sister Iphthime tells her to be brave because Athena will help her. And she can, because she is PALLADA!
Mattei Athena Louvre.
We will meet Athena again much later with the adjective Pallas, in Scheria, where she will mainly scandalously help Odysseus for the purpose of a quick return to his homeland.
11. The brilliance and cultivation of Odysseus reveal a distinguished place of origin.
τέχνην παντοίην, χαρίεντα δὲ ἔργα τελείει, ...»
... a scholar, whom Hephaestus taught and Athena PALLAS
with all her skill, and works that he executes beautifully, ...
Odyssey, (ζ') 6.233-234
Before Nausicaa, after he has washed, Odysseus appears like a work of art. He also reveals the cultivation he had received in his homeland.
... As he spoke, praying, PALLAS heard him. ...
Odyssey, (ζ') 6.324-328
Odysseus prayed at the Grove of Athena in Scheria, and she listened to him because she was also PALLADA!
καρπαλίμως· ὁ δ’ ἔπειτα μετ’ ἴχνια βαῖνε θεοῖο. ...»
... So, as Athena PALLADA shouted at him, he surged forward
with force; and he followed in the wake of the goddess. ...
Odyssey, (η') 7.37-38
She guides Odysseus
(just like Telemachus in β' 2.406 and γ' 3.29) like a fellow countryman he meets in a foreign land because she knows the surroundings. And because this way he will leave for his homeland a little earlier.
14. In Scheria, Athena proclaims and advertises Odysseus.
εἰδομένη κήρυκι δαΐφρονος Ἀλκινόοιο,
νόστον Ὀδυσσῆι μεγαλήτορι μητιόωσσα, ...»
... Then Pallas Athena wandered through the city,
resembling a herald of wise Alcinous,
spreading the news of the return of generous-hearted Odysseus, ...
Odyssey, (θ') 8.7-9
Athena transforms into a herald to promote to the Phaeacians the return of Odysseus to his homeland.
Παῖδες δὲ Τρώων δίκασαν καὶ ΠΑΛΛΑΣ Ἀθήνη. ...»
... which were awarded by the venerable mother.
The sons of the Trojans and PALLAS Athena judged them. ...
Odyssey, (λ') 11.546-547
Is Athena's arbitration in favor of Odysseus scandalous? Pallas!
Academy of Athens, the statue of Athena
16. Athena's first action when Odysseus arrives at his place is carried out with the adjective Pallas!
ΠΑΛΛΑΣ Ἀθηναίη, κούρη Διός, ὄφρα μιν αὐτόν
ἄγνωστον τεύξειεν ἕκαστά τε μυθήσαιτο, ...»
... for around him a god held a fog
PALLAS Athena, daughter of Zeus, so as to make even him
unknown and to make him tell all the very details, ...
Odyssey, (ν') 13.189-191
Athena's first action for Odysseus upon his arrival in his homeland, Ithaca, is the fog. Of course, the Pallas! And in all the other fogs, she was simply 'Αθήνη'!!...
17. Both Pallas and Αθηναίη at the moment when she is shown his homeland.
ΠΑΛΛΑΣ Ἀθηναίη κούρη Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο. ...»
... happy for this fatherland, as she said to him
PALLADA Athena, daughter of Zeus, who was nurtured by the goat. ...
Odyssey, (ν') 13.250-252
... So now, with the recognition of the paternal land, wouldn't Athena certainly be PALLAS? And especially with the latest information we have gathered, the whole scene takes on a sacred significance. (There they are, the goats raising hardy Ithacans!).
18. ATHENA explains to ODYSSEUS how much they resemble each other and in what way she protects him.
βουλῇ καὶ μύθοισιν, εγώ δ᾿ ἐν πᾶσι θεοῖσιν
μήτι τε κλέομαι και κέρδεσιν. Οὐδέ σύ γ᾿ ἔγνως
ΠΑΛΛΑΔ᾿ Ἀθηναίην, κούρην Διός, ἥ τέ τοι αἰεί
ΕΝ ΠΑΝΤΕΣΣΙ ΠΟΝΟΙΣΙ ΠΑΡΙΣΤΑΜΑΙ ΗΔΕ ΦΥΛΑΣΣΩ, ...»
... for you are the best among all mortals
in wisdom and in stories, while I am praised by all the gods
in thought and in all profits. Indeed, you have never known
Athena PALLAS, daughter of Zeus, who always
appears for you in all your troubles and she who protects you. ...
Odyssey, (ν') 13.297-301
The «ὄχ᾿ ἄριστος» is interpreted according to how the listener hears it: The charismatic, the «best» excellent one, even the ungrateful one - ''αχάριστος''. We have here, let's say, an identity between Odysseus and Athena. ATTENTION:
the best among all mortals - praised by all the gods
wisdom - thought
stories - profits
The decision stems from thought and,
From the myths the expected benefit!
We are at the core of the relationship between Athena and Odysseus. Here she herself is PALLAS Αθηναίη (that is, a sacred matter) and explains to us and our ancestors the 'functioning' of this duality...
...Of the most famous 'TWIN' in the world history of epics!
... And as you can see, from the whole affair, the gain is on Athena's side, and therefore we conclude in the 22nd rhapsody (χ') that Athena will benefit in the end, because she orchestrated the entire scenario of the destruction of the arrogant suitors.
ΠΑΛΛΑΣ Ἀθηναίη, κούρη Διὸς ΑΙΓΙΟΧΟΙΟ. ...»
... And those were well deposited, and she placed a stone on the doors,
Athena PALLAS, daughter of Zeus who was nourished by a goat. ...
Odyssey, (ν') 13.370-371
In a place that Athena knows 'deep within caves', she herself hid the gifts safely, just as her father was safely hidden in a cave when he was nurtured by the goat! It is a symbolic and sacred act.
ᾤχετ᾿ Ὀδυσσῆος ΜΕΓΑΘΥΜΟΥ ΦΑΙΔΙΜΟΝ υἱὸν
νόστου ὑπομνήσουσα καὶ ὀτρυνέουσα νέεσθαι. ...»
... And she too went to Lacedaemon (after) the great feast, PALLAS Athena,
reminding and urging the great-spirited (Μεγάθυμο-Cephallenian) Odysseus' Phaidimos (Special) son , to return home. ...
Odyssey, (ο') 15.1-3
Athena is on an "OFF-SITE MISSION" for some INTERNAL problems of the GREAT-HEARTED (ΜΕΓΑΘΥΜΩΝ) KEPHALONIANS. We encounter shining (φαίδιμος) shoulder in the very important matter of the tomb of Odysseus.
Conclusion: This is a mission for a SACRED CAUSE!
ὡς ἄν ἐπιθύσαντες ἑλοίμεθα· τοὺς δέ κ᾿ ἔπειτα
ΠΑΛΛΑΣ Ἀθηναίη θέλξει καὶ μητίετα Ζεύς. ...»
... and double ox hides (like a shield) to pull with our hands,
when they attack, we shall take them; then Pallas Athena will enchant them, and Zeus with his extraordinary mind. ...
Odyssey, (π') 16.296-298
Because most of the suitors are not from this land, Athena will take charge of them according to plan and lead them astray, and Zeus will distract them with other thoughts. They will not be able to focus on this matter, which for Pallas is SACRED.
Here are the shields 'δοιά βοάγρια' and Zeus was nowhere ασπιδοφόρος = shield-bearer, but 'αἰγιόχοιο' with a completely different meaning...
...And 'αἰγιόχοιο' is not a shield-bearer because the word shield, as we see immediately afterward, already exists:
χρύσεον λύχνον ἔχουσα φάος περικαλλὲς ἐποίειν. ...»
... And Athena Pallas at the door,
holding a golden lamp to give a bright light. ...
Odyssey, (τ') 19.33-34
PALLAS emphasizes something special with her on-site presence for a SACRED cause (fortunate? φαίδιμος), such as hiding the weapons. After all, she knows the terrain and facilitates the murder of a suitors!
Detail from the Statue of Athena of Piraeus
The reason for the presence of PALLAS in the Odyssey
..2. α 252 Αγανακτεί με όσα βλέπει και ακούει να της περιγράφει...
..3. α 327 Εμπνέει τον Φήμιο τον τοπικό αοιδό όταν άδει...
..4. β 405 Οδηγεί τα βήματα του Τηλέμαχου προς το πλοίο...
..5. γ 029 Οδηγεί τον Τηλέμαχο ενώπιον του Νέστορα στην Πύλο...
..6. γ 042 Ο Νέστωρ τιμά ο ίδιος την Παλλάδα...
..7. γ 222 ΝΕΣΤΩΡ: «Η Παλλάδα υποστήριζε, Τηλέμαχε, τον πατέρα σου στην Τροία»...
..8. γ 385 Μεταμορφώνεται σε ΦΗΝΗ, φεύγει αλλά ακούει την προσευχή του Νέστορα...
..9. δ 289 ΜΕΝΕΛΑΟΣ: «Η Παλλάδα υποστήριζε, Τηλέμαχε, τον πατέρα σου στην Τροία»..
10. δ 828 ΙΦΘΙΜΗ: «Πηνελόπη μη φοβάσαι, θα σε βοηθήσει ΔΥΝΑΤΑΙ ΓΑΡ, ΠΑΛΛΑΣ ΑΘΗΝΑΙΗ»...
11. ζ 233 H Παλλάς συμβάλει στην ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ και καλλιέργεια του Οδυσσέα που είχε λάβει από μικρός στην τόπο του
12. ζ 328 Η ΠΡΟΣΕΥΧΗ του Οδυσσέα στο άλσος της Αθηνάς των Φαιάκων...
13. η 037 ΟΔΗΓΕΙ τον Οδυσσέα κοντά στον Αλκίνοο και την Αρήτη...
14. θ 007 «ΔΙΑΦΗΜΙΖΕΙ» -ΑΝΑΓΓΕΛΛΕΙ τον Οδυσσέα στο λαό των Φαιάκων...
15. λ 547 ΕΠΙΔΙΚΑΖΕΙ ΣΚΑΝΔΑΛΩΔΩΣ στην Τροία υπέρ του Οδυσσέα...
16. ν 190 Τον ΥΠΟΔΕΧΕΤΑΙ –με την ομίχλη- ΣΤΗΝ ΙΘΑΚΗ...
17. ν 252 ΑΝΑΓΝΩΡΙΖΕΙ, ο Οδυσσέας, κοντά της την ΠΑΤΡΙΔΑ...
18. ν 300 ΑΝΑΛΥΕΙ ΤΟΝ ΤΡΟΠΟ ΠΟΥ ΥΠΟΣΤΗΡΙΖΕΙ ΤΟΝ ΟΔΥΣΣΕΑ...
19. ν 371 ΚΡΥΒΕΙ τα δώρα...
20. ο 001 Πάει να «ΜΑΖΕΨΕΙ» απ’ τη Λακεδαίμονα τον Τηλέμαχο...
Δεν θα μάθω ποτέ αν ο αναγνώστης (αν εσύ φίλε μου αγαπημένε, που τη στιγμή αυτή με υπομένεις) θα μου υπογράψει το πιστοποιητικό απόλυτης ερμηνείας της ΠΑΛΛΑΔΑΣ και στα 26 ερωτήματα!
Όμως καθώς τελειώνουμε, ο ΟΜΗΡΟΣ, ειδικά όσον αφορά το ΠΑΛΛΑΣ εισέρχεται σ’ ένα ξέφρενο κρεσέντο, συμπαρασύροντας τα πάντα στο πέρασμά του...
...Και να είσαι σίγουρος φίλε, εσύ που λάτρεψες αυτόν τον αξεπέραστο ποιητή, ότι και μετά 3000 χρόνια αν ζούσε και συνέθετε ΜΟΥΣΙΚΗ, όλοι οι μεγάλοι -ακόμα κι ένας Mozart αυτόν θα παραδέχονταν σαν το μεγάλο Δάσκαλο!
...Εισερχόμενος ο Όμηρος λοιπόν, στην «τελική ευθεία» της Οδύσσειας παρουσιάζει την ΠΑΛΛΑΔΑ, η οποία:
21 π 298 Προγραμματίζει τον ΑΠΟΠΡΟΣΑΝΑΤΟΛΙΣΜΟ των μνηστήρων...
22 τ 033 Σαν ΠΑΡΑΣΤΑΤΗΣ - ΑΓΑΛΜΑ κρατά το λύχνο...
23 υ 345 Παρεμβαίνει στο συμπόσιο ΑΛΛΑΖΟΝΤΑΣ τα ΛΟΓΙΑ του Τηλέμαχου...
Ενώ μετά τη μνηστηροφονία αρχίζει να χάνεται στα βάθη του παρελθόντος!
24 ψ 160 It reiterates that Pallas contributes to the EDUCATION and cultivation of Odysseus, which he had received since he was young in his homeland...
25 ω 520 Βοηθάει το ΛΑΕΡΤΗ (προηγούμενη γενιά) ΑΜΠΕΠΑΛΩΝ να ρίξει το δόρυ και τέλος...
26 ω 547 Ολοκληρώνει το ΕΠΟΣ με την ΠΑΛΛΑΔΑ να μας αποχαιρετά έχουσα τη μορφή του ΜΕΝΤΟΡΑ...
...Πιθανού ηγέτη των ΤΑΦΙΩΝ δηλαδή, ώστε η προσέγγιση του παρελθόντος να φτάσει στις ρίζες της φυλής του Οδυσσέα.
23. Ο «Γάμος» της ΠΗΝΕΛΟΠΗΣ όπως τον προτείνει ο Τηλέμαχος για να μπερδέψει τα λόγια του η Παλλάς και να προκαλέσει γέλια
24. It reiterates that Pallas contributes to the EDUCATION and cultivation of Odysseus, which he had received since he was young in his homeland.
25. Η Παλλάς βοηθάει τον ΛΑΕΡΤΗ (προηγούμενη γενιά) ΑΜΠΕΠΑΛΩΝ να ρίξει το δόρυ.
26. Ολοκληρώνει το ΕΠΟΣ με την ΠΑΛΛΑΔΑ να μας αποχαιρετά έχουσα τη μορφή του ΜΕΝΤΟΡΑ...
...ΕΚΕΙ ΣΤΗΝ ΠΑΛΛΙΚΗ ή ΠΑΛΙΚΗ (όπως σας αρέσει)...
Βιέννη, λεπτομέρεια από το άγαλμα της Αθηνάς έξω από το Αυστριακό Κοινοβούλιο
